πειράω

πειράω, Il.8.8, etc. : [tense] impf.

A

ἐπείρων Th.4.25

: [tense] fut. -άσω [pron. full] [ᾱ] ib.9, 43 : [tense] aor.

ἐπείρᾱσα S.OC1276

, Ar.Eq.517, Th.6.54 : [tense] pf.

πεπείρᾱκα Luc.Am.26

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. ἐπειράθην [pron. full] [ᾱ] Th.6.54; cf. πειράζω.

B more freq. in [voice] Med. [full] πειράομαι, Il.2.193, 24.390, etc. : [tense] fut. -άσομαι [pron. full] [ᾱ] S.OC959, etc.; [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 2pl.

πειρασεῖσθε Ar.Ach.743

, cf. Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.94; later

πειρᾱθήσομαι Gp.12.13.12

: [tense] aor. ἐπειρᾱσάμην, [dialect] Ion. ἐπειρησάμην, Od.8.120, Hdt.7.135, Th.2.44,al.; but [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. ἐπειρήθην, [dialect] Att. ἐπειράθην [pron. full] [ᾱ], found in med. sense, Il.19.384, al., Hdt.3.152,al., Th.2.5 (v.l.), 33, 6.92, and in later Prose : [tense] pf. πεπείρᾱμαι, [dialect] Ion. -ημαι, Od.3.23, Pi.Fr.110, Hdt.9.46, S.Fr.584, Antipho 5.1, etc. : [ per.] 3pl. [tense] plpf.

ἐπεπείραντο D.C.Fr.24.3

, [dialect] Ion.

ἐπεπειρέατο Hdt. 7.125

. (From πεῖρα.)

A [voice] Act., attempt, endeavour, try, c. inf.,

μήτε τις . . πειράτω διακέρσαι ἐμὸν ἔπος Il.8.8

;

πειρήσω (δύναμαι) φηλητέων ὄρχαμος εἶναι h.Merc. 175

;

π. ἐς τὴν Μηδικὴν ἐσβάλλειν Hdt.6.84

, cf. Ar.V.1025, al. : folld. by ὡς . . , Il.4.66, Od.2.316, etc.; by ὅπως . . , 4.545 : c. Adj. neut.,

πολλὰ πειρῶντες Th.6.38

;

πάντα Plu. 2.1122b

: with inf. understood, Th.7.32.

II c. gen. pers., make trial of one, μή μευ πειράτω, for the purpose of persuading, Il.9.345, cf. 24.433; of things,

τευχέων A.R.3.1249

: in hostile sense, make an attempt on,

μήλων πειρήσοντα Il.12.301

, Od.6.134; οὐ πειρᾶν τῆς πόλιος, πρὶν . . Hdt.6.82;

π. τοῦ χωρίου Th.1.61

;

Νισαίας Id.4.70

;

ἀλλήλων Id.7.38

;

νυμφείας εὐνᾶς Pi.N.5.30

.

III abs., ναυσὶ π. make an attempt by sea, Th.4.25; π. ἐπὶ τὴν κώμην ib.43.

IV c. acc. rei, experience,

τύχης ἐπήρειαν Luc.Am.46

.

2 c. acc. pers., make an attempt on a woman's honour, Ar.Eq.517 (ubiv. Sch.), Pl. 150, 1067, Lys.1.12, X. Cyr.5.2.28, etc. :—[voice] Pass.,

πειραθεὶς ὁ Ἁρμόδιος ὑπὸ Ἱππάρχου Th.6.54

, cf. Pl. Phdr.227c ; v. infr. B. IV, cf.

πεῖρα 11

.

B more freq. in [voice] Med., c. inf., try to do, Il.4.5, Hdt.5.71, 6.138, al., Ar.Pl.459, X.Oec.6.2, Lys. 12.64, Isoc.3.41, Pl. Tht. 186b : c. [tense] fut. inf., J.AJ17.8.4 : the inf. is sts. understood, πειρήσεται (sc. ἀλύξαι) Od.4.417 : folld. by εἰ, Il.13.806, Pl.Phd.95b;

πειρήσεται αἴ κε θέῃσιν Il.18.601

; by ἐάν or ἄν, A.Pr.327, Pl.Lg.638e; by μὴ . . , lest . . , Od.21.394; by ὅπως . . , X.An.3.2.3 : c. part., freq. in Hdt.,

ἐπειρᾶτο ἐπιών 1.77

; προσβαίνων ib.84;

π. βιώμενοι 4.139

;

π. ἀποσχίζων 6.9

, cf. 5,50, 7.139, al.;

π. σκοπῶν Pl. Tht. 190e

<*> c. neut. Adj., τὰ μεγάλα καὶ τὰ μικρὰ π. X.Cyr.1.5.14.

II most freq. (V.A. 11) c. gen.,

1 c. gen. pers., make trial of one, Il.10.444, Od.13.336, etc.; νῦν σεῦ, ξεῖνε, ὀΐω πειρήσεσθαι, εἰ . . 19.215;

ἕο αὐτοῦ ἐν ἔντεσι . . εἰ οἷ ἐφαρμόσσειε Il.19.384

; with gen. not expressed,

ἔπεσιν πειρήσομαι 2.73

; ἦ πρῶτ' ἐξερέοιτο ἕκαστά τε πειρήσαιτο test him in each particular, Od.4.119 (v.l. μυθήσαιτο) ; π. θεοῦ make trial of, tempt a god, Hdt.6.86. γ, cf. A.Ag. 1663 (troch.) : in hostile sense,

πρὶν πειρήσαιτ' Ἀχιλῆος Il.21.580

(with acc. cogn. added

ἀέθλους . . ἐπειρήσαντ' Ὀδυσῆος Od.8.23

) : freq. in Hdt., esp. ἀλλήλων πειρᾶσθαι, as

ἐπειρῶντο κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν ἀλλήλων 1.76

;

πειρᾶσθέ μου γυναικὸς ὡς ἀφράσμονος A.Ag. 1401

, etc.; π. τῆς Πελοποννήσου make an attempt on it, Hdt.8.100;

π. τοῦ τείχους Th.2.81

.

2 c. gen. rei, make proof or trial of . . ,

σθένεος Il. 15.359

;

ἥβης 23.432

; χειρῶν καὶ σθένεος π., ἢ . . ἦ . . Od. 21.282; try one's chance at or in a work or contest,

ἔργου 18.369

; ἀέθλου, ἀέθλων, Il.23.707, Od. 8.100, etc.; παλαιμοσύνης ib. 126; make proof of, try a weapon,

τόξου 21.159

,180; νευρῆς ib.410 (but [ὀϊστοί,] τῶν τάχ' ἔμελλον πειρήσεσθαι arrows whose force they were soon to make trial of, i. e.feel, ib. 418); also, make proof of, have experience of, esp. in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., first in Hes.,

νηῶν Op.660

;

οὐ πεπειρημένοι πρότερον [οἱ] Αἰγύπτιοι Ἑλλήνων Hdt.4.159

, cf. Pl.Phd.118; πειρασάμενος ἀγαθῶν, δουλείας, Th.2.44, 5.69, cf. Antipho 5.1;

κακῶν D.18.253

; ὀρφανίας π., i.e. to be an orphan, Phalar. Ep.49; but π. τινὸς μετρίου find him moderate by experience or on trial, Plu. Aem.8, cf. Arat.43; also, πεπείρανται ὅτι . . Lys.27.2.

3 abs., try one's fortune, try the chances of war,

αἴ κε θεὸς πειρώμενος ἐνθάδ' ἵκηται Il.5.129

; πειρώμενος ἢ ἐν ἀέθλῳ ἠὲ καὶ ἐν πολέμῳ making trial of one's powers, 16.590; Ἕκτορι πειρηθῆναι ἀντιβίην, ἢ . . ἦ . . to try one's fortune against him, 21.225; περὶ δ' αὐτῆς πειρηθήτω (sc. τῆς ἵππου) let him try for her, as a prize, 23.553.

III make a trial or put a matter to the test,

ἐν σοὶ πειρώμεθα Pl.Phlb.21a

: c. dat. modi,

ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Il.5.279

; ἐπειρήσαντο πόδεσσι tried their luck in the foot-race, Od.8.120, cf. 205;

σφαίρῃ 8.377

; also π. σὺν ἔντεσι, σὺν τεύχεσι π., Il.5.220, 11.386 : but in [tense] pf., οὐδέ τί πω μύθοισι πεπείρημαι I have not tried myself, have not found my skill, in words, Od.3.23 : abs.,

ὁ πειραθεὶς πιστεύσει X.Eq.Mag.1.16

; πεπειραμένος σαφῶς οἶδα by experience, Id.Hier.2.6.

IV c. acc. pers., make an attempt on (V.A.IV.2),

Διὸς ἄκοιτιν Pi.P.2.34

.